What defines a foodborne illness?

A foodborne illness is specifically defined as any illness that results from consuming food that has been contaminated with harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or chemicals. This definition encompasses a wide range of illness types, including infections and intoxications, that can occur due to improper food handling, storage, or preparation.

In this context, other options do not fit the definition of foodborne illness. For instance, illnesses caused by food allergies arise from the body's immune response to certain proteins in food, rather than contamination. Similarly, illnesses related to poor nutritional choices refer to health issues that may arise from an imbalance of nutrients rather than foodborne pathogens. Finally, illnesses resulting from overeating pertain to excessive food intake rather than any contamination issue. Thus, the first option accurately captures the essence of foodborne illness.